Melbournes Weather And Climate Environmental Sciences Essay

Climate influences everyone. Thus it is of association non simply to inhabitants of a nation, however adjacent to visitants. The undermentioned data is planned just as a general report ; one to give inhabitants more comprehension of their condition and travelers an idea of what can be normal. Melbourne appreciates a calm clime with warm-blistering summers ; spring and fall are soothing and gentle, the winters cool. Melbourne is once in a while excruciatingly cold or deplorably hot, temperature boundaries when they do happen see the more sultry realm of the thermometer accomplishing a greater number of employments than the colder. There is a notoriety for downpour in the city, which is measurably ridiculous as Melbourne gets just 50 for each centum of the mean precipitation of either Brisbane or Sydney. Perhaps it can at times be a little unusual, in any case, it is a comfortable domain to be in whatever the season. Actually it is an incredible topographic point to watch the seasons change, they are so unmistakably characterized thus amazingly visual inside the numerous Parkss and nurseries of fall and spring, offering ascend to all of natures sensational excellence and advances inside the bounds of an extraordinary city. Melbourne lays inside the southern half of the globe where the seasons are turned around to those in Europe, North America and the vast majority of Asia. Melbourne ‘s adjustments of seasons are fame for get bringing down late, the â€Å" functionary † initial twenty-four hours of summer is 21st December, however it rarely feels like summer until mid January or significantly later. Throughout the late spring a long time out-of-entryway exercises in curious the breathtaking Melbourne sea shores are mainstream with the two local people and visitants.Melbourne ‘s conditions by the monthJANUARY and A ; FEBRUARYIt is high summer in Melbourne during January and February, a normal twenty-four hours is warm and sprightly with an invigorating ocean breeze geting from the South toward the evening. A couple yearss are cool and shady, a maximal temperature underneath 20 °C being recorded around one time a hebdomad. There are ever hot yearss and the twelvemonth ‘s most e levated temperature of about 40 °C is typically recorded during these two months. A portion of the hot yearss are joined by a horrendous North air current, which can be fairly solid. Generally there are just a couple of hot yearss in succession. At times blistering conditions may continue for at least three yearss, when the everyday visual part of that cool reviving, north bound ocean breeze toward the evening, turns into that twenty-four hours ‘s most invite visitant. The twelvemonth ‘s hottest dull, with an insignificant temperature of about 24 °C, is other than recorded during these two months. Sweltering climate for the most part finishes with a disengaged cool adjustment when the mercury may fall by 10 °C in only 20 proceedingss. A portion of these modifications are dry and waterless ; showers and electrical tempests go with others. High degrees of moistness make awkwardness on extremely few yearss, to a great extent towards the terminal of a hot charm. It is non unprecedented for a fourteen days to experience without downpour. On events delayed substantial downpour can fall.MarchMarch is a transitional month among summer and fall. Hot conditions can be knowledgeable about the initial fourteen days, when the month ‘s most noteworthy temperature of about 35 °C is ordinarily recorded ; it might great be joined by a solid northwards air current during the twenty-four hours. The hot conditions typically goes to a terminal with a fresh air current change to the sou'- west and a quick harvest time in temperature. Mugginess is awkward on around one twenty-four hours only. Numerous yearss are gentle and happy albeit some yearss are cool and shady. A maximal temperature underneath 20 °C is recorded about twice a hebdomad. The evening ocean breeze is non close to each piece solid as in mid-summer. Evenings are recognizably cooler than in the originating before month. Towards the terminal of March, it is somewhat basic for the nightlong t emperature to fall underneath 10 °C on a couple of events. The month is sensibly dry by and by drawn-out substantial downpour, falls on occasion.AprilApril is a wonderful month, regularly with charms of good chipper conditions bearing a few yearss during which the temperature once in a while surpasses 25 °C. Each second twelvemonth 30 °C is surpassed. The darks are somewhat cool with temperatures falling underneath 10 °C a few times a hebdomad. Once in each five mature ages a nightlong negligible temperature beneath 5 °C is recorded. Haze happens during the early forenoon on a couple of events yet clears to a happy twenty-four hours. There are regularly a few yearss of solid air current ; to a great extent from the North yet the mean breeze speed of 9 kilometers for each hr is the most reduced of any month. Drawn out overwhelming precipitation falls now and again. In April 1960, 172 millimeter fell inside three yearss. On the different manus, April 1923 is the solitary rai nless schedule month on record.MAYMay is an obviously cooler month. The last case until spring of temperatures in the low 20s ordinarily happens in the initial fourteen days. In May 1904 the temperature surpassed 20 °C on everything except two of the initial 15 yearss. The primary hoars of the twelvemonth happen in the external rural areas delinquently in the month. In the city itself, the coldest dull of the month typically has a negligible temperature of 4 °C, a little unreasonably high for hoar. Mist happens on a few forenoons yet both ice and mist are ordinarily trailed by an okay and chipper twenty-four hours. This pre-winter, late-fall period is essential for drawn-out times of truly light air flows in Melbourne, in spite of the fact that there are a couple yearss of solid air current, to a great extent from the North. Overcast and showery conditions may win for some yearss at a clasp, however drawn out overwhelming precipitation is rare.JuneThe conditions in June is cold, every now and again with charms of good and unagitated conditions. There are more yearss with truly light air flows in June than in some other month. It is other than the foggiest month. Haze ordinarily frames in the late eventide and clears by early in the day, every so often it might win for the majority of the twenty-four hours. Numerous yearss are nebulose, June being the cloudiest month of the twelvemonth. Evenings are cold with intermittent hoars, to a great extent in the external rural areas, the most reduced temperature for the month in the city typically being about 2 °C. Downpour falls on one twenty-four hours in two and now and again it is in the signifier of mizzle in the forenoon which clears to a good twenty-four hours. Overwhelming precipitation is rare.JULY and A ; AUGUSTThe windiest clasp of the twelvemonth in Melbourne starts in July. There might be a few yearss in succession of solid, cold North to northwest air flows, every now and again with cloud and some li ght downpour. The conditions is regularly cold and shady. The couple of yearss of unagitated chipper conditions are joined by cool darks with hoar or mist. Haze regularly shapes late in the eventide and clears by early in the day, yet once in a while endures for the entire twenty-four hours during July. There are typically a couple of extremely cold yearss with solid southern air flows and showers, light snow may fall on the slopes inside 35 kilometer of the city Center. On uncommon events, snow even falls in the city. The twelvemonth ‘s coldest twenty-four hours, with a maximal temperature of about 9 °C, regularly happens during July. Some downpour falls on a standard of one twenty-four hours in two ; on a portion of these yearss there might be just a little mizzle or a light shower. The most elevated figure of wet yearss in any one-month in the city is 27, in August 1939. Be that as it may, overwhelming precipitation is uncommon at this clasp of the twelvemonth. In late Au gust there are some hotter yearss, when the temperature regularly arrives at 20 °C for the principal cut since May.SeptemberSeptember is the main month of spring, which is the most impermanent period of the twelvemonth. A full extent of conditions might be experienced inside a couple yearss, from warm, unagitated and bright to cool, breezy and showery. There are a few overcast to cloud yearss. September is another blowy month. Most solid air flows are from the North, these often happen on the warmer yearss. There other than are once in a while solid cold sou'- west air flows with showery conditions. The temperature ordinarily arrives at the mid-20s for the primary clasp since April. Evenings are cool, hoar is sensibly uncommon, and the most minimal temperature for the month in the city being about 4 °C. Mist is phenomenal. Downpour is higher in spring than in winter, falling on one twenty-four hours in two. There are yearss with simply a little mizzle or a light shower yet overw helming precipitation falls on occasion.OctoberThe changeable states of spring proceeds in October, there is more noteworthy differentiation between the warmer and colder yearss than in the originating before month. The maximal temperature surpasses 25 °C one time a hebdomad. In any case, it other than neglects to make 15 °C one time a hebdomad. There are a few overcast to cloud yearss and numerous yearss are blowy. Most solid air flows are northwards and warm, yet there are once in a while solid cold sou'- west air flows passing on blustery conditions. Warm breezy conditions might be trailed by an unexpected modification to colder conditions with showers. Downpour falls on around one twenty-four hours in two, some of it heavy.NovemberMutable and blowy conditions proceeds in November. There is every now and again extraordinary difference in the temperature from twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours. Warm to hot and bright yearss and cold and blustery yearss may follow each othe r in fast succession. There are other than some overcast to cloud yearss. Evenings are ordinarily gentle. Numerous yearss are blowy. Most solid air flows are northwards and warm, by and by cool showery conditions with solid southern air flows can occur. The month ‘s hottest twenty-four hours enlists a maximal temperature of about 34 °C while the month ‘s coldest twenty-four hours encounters a maximal temperature of just 16 °C. Some o

Information Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Data Systems - Research Paper Example In spite of the productivity and adequacy of the correspondence framework at the organization, Hierarchical Network Design consolidation offers more advantages (White and Donohue, 2014). To meet the basic system structure objectives, a system ought to be created on a design that grants the two adaptabilities just as development. The progressive plan is viably used to gather gadgets into different systems. Such a system configuration includes partitioning the system into different discrete layers. Each layer gives exact capacities that plot its job inside the system in totality (Oppenheimer, 2005). Through isolating the capacities that are on a system, the system configuration turns out to be extremely appropriate for use for this business for it gets measured, encouraging versatility just as execution. Such are the pressing worry for a cutting edge bike producing business. The standard various leveled configuration is separated into unmistakably three layers, center, access and access, appropriation. The center layer, for example, will interface dispersion layer gadgets. Access layer, then again, has the fundamental reason giving an immediate association with organiz e gadgets and controlling the gadgets permitted to speak with it. At long last, dissemination layer has the job of interconnecting the littler nearby systems. As an end, by analyzing the correspondence arrange inside Mosaic Cycle; the general proficiency and viability of this framework are obvious. In any case, as obvious in the paper progressive system have favorable circumstances over this system structures along these lines suggested.

I’m Not an Imitation of Someone Else, I’m Latina :: Personal Narrative Writing

I’m Not an Imitation of Someone Else, I’m Latina As I sat at the kitchen table on those crisp winter nights in Kenner, Louisiana, I could feel my mom gazing at me from where she was. I was caught up with getting my work done, and she was setting up that night's dinner. She would consistently begin by asking me what I was doing and the main thing I would answer was, Goodness, nothing. Just schoolwork. Then I would dismiss and kind of look the other way as though to advise her to disregard me, since I had a great deal to do. At the time I was just eight years of age, in my second total year of tutoring in the United States. I had as of now completely got a handle on the English language, and it had been eighteen months since I had been expelled from the bilingual program. In fact, I had become Americanized calm without any problem. In spite of the fact that this was a procedure that involvedgive and take, in light of the fact that despite the fact that I adapted to my new condition quite well, I never let go of what I had just realized in my past condition. I can review that while I was figuring out how to peruse and write in English, I was additionally figuring out how to do as such in my local tongue, Spanish. In school, as I sat in the little wooden house, which was the bilingual study hall, I could plainly recall asking why it was that Spot was so significant. For over a month we had been finding out about this earthy colored canine and about observing him run. This experience was bizarre for me, not just on the grounds that it was in an absolutely new dialect but since I never did truly observe spot run. I just observed him painted on a curiously large showed journal. Following a long and befuddling day at school, I would get back home to do my assignments; alone. It wasn't that my mom would not like to support me, however she proved unable. She thought minimal about the task , and knew even less about the language. From the outset I wouldn't fret. The assignments were simple for me to make sense of, and in the event that it was ex tremely hard I would simply tell the educator the following day that I was unable to make sense of it. She would ask me for what good reason I didn't approach my mom for help, and I would need to react to her, since she didn't know either.

Bill Gates And The Microsoft Corporation :: essays research papers

Bill Gates - you love him, you loathe him, perhaps you ought to become acquainted with him. The organizer of the Microsoft has a ton of admirers and we can tell that without a doubt just by taking a gander at his fortune. There are anyway individuals who scorn him, however devote whole sites to scrutinizing him and his organization; in the event that you are one of those individuals you can look at www.onmacon.com (access won't be conceded on the off chance that you use Microsoft Internet Explorer). Some have even gone similarly as tossing pies in his face... It’s an incongruity that one of the world’s sharpest individuals didn’t even completion school. In 1975 he dropped out of Harvard to shape a casual association with Paul Allen, â€Å"Micro-soft†; they put all their time in BASIC, the main scripting language program composed for a PC. It wasn’t until November 1976 that Microsoft got official, when it was enrolled at the Office of the Secretary of the State of New Mexico, and just in 1977 did the association among Bill and Paul Allen become official. That’s additionally when they convey their second language item, FORTRAN. In 1978, other than propelling a third language, COBOL-80, Microsoft goes worldwide by shaping a key organization with the originator of ASCII Corporation in Japan. The next year, the organization likewise enters the European market and wins the ICP Million Dollar Award with the 8080 BASIC. This is a significant characteristic of the development and acknowledgment of the PC b usiness. Beginning with the mid 80s, Microsoft begins extending the item run from dialects to working frameworks and its first equipment item, the SoftCard, intended for the Apple II clients. The recently joined business signs an agreement with IBM, the principal rendition of MS-DOS being the essential outcome. Sadly, this working framework wasn’t an excellent one, requiring its clients an exhaustive information on order language structure. The organization moves into the domain of business with an electronic spreadsheet program, the Multiplan. Likewise right now, the Microsoft Local Area Network (MILAN) gets practical, connecting all of Microsoft’s in-house improvement PCs. 1983 is a significant year toward the improvement of a more easy to use PC. In May the mouse is presented, in September the Word handling program and in November Windows is reported, an expansion of the MS-DOS working framework that gives a graphical working condition. Windows permits a client to see random application programs at the same time and it gives the capacity to move information starting with one application program then onto the next.

The Third Voyage of Christopher Columbus

The Third Voyage of Christopher Columbus After his renowned 1492 journey of disclosure, Christopher Columbus was appointed to restore a subsequent time, which he did with a huge scope colonization exertion which left from Spain in 1493. In spite of the fact that the subsequent excursion had numerous issues, it was viewed as effective on the grounds that a settlement was established: it would in the long run become Santo Domingo, capital of the present-day Dominican Republic. Columbus filled in as senator during his stay in the islands. The settlement required supplies, be that as it may, so Columbus came back to Spain in 1496. Arrangements for the Third Voyage Columbus answered to the crown upon his arrival from the New World. He was frightened to discover that his benefactors, Ferdinand and Isabella, would not permit the taking of slaves in the newfound grounds. As he had discovered minimal gold or valuable products for which to exchange, he had been relying on offering local captives to make his journeys rewarding. The King and Queen of Spain permitted Columbus to sort out a third excursion to the New World with the objective of resupplying the pioneers and proceeding with the quest for another exchange course to the Orient. The Fleet Splits Upon takeoff from Spain in May of 1498, Columbus split his armada of six boats: three would make for Hispaniola promptly to bring frantically required supplies, while the other three would focus on guides south of the as of now investigated Caribbean toward look for more land and maybe even the course to the Orient that Columbus despite everything accepted to be there. Columbus himself captained the last ships, being on the most fundamental level a voyager and not a representative. Doldrums and Trinidad Columbus’ misfortune on the third journey started very quickly. Subsequent to gaining moderate ground from Spain, his armada hit the doldrums, which is a quiet, hot stretch of sea with practically no wind. Columbus and his men went through a few days fighting warmth and thirst with no wind to drive their boats. Sooner or later, the breeze returned and they had the option to proceed. Columbus veered toward the north, in light of the fact that the boats were low on water and he needed to resupply in the recognizable Caribbean. On July 31, they located an island, which Columbus named Trinidad. They had the option to resupply there and keep investigating. Locating South America For the initial fourteen days of Augustâ 1498, Columbus and his little armada investigated the Gulf of Paria, which isolates Trinidad from territory South America. During the time spent this investigation, they found the Island of Margarita just as a few littler islands. They likewise found the mouth of the Orinoco River. Such a compelling freshwater waterway must be found on a mainland, not an island, and the inexorably strict Columbus reasoned that he had discovered the site of the Garden of Eden. Columbus became sick around this time and requested the armada to make a beeline for Hispaniola, which they came to on August 19. Back in Hispaniola In the approximately a long time since Columbus had been gone, the settlement on Hispaniola had seen some harsh occasions. Supplies and tempers were short and the huge riches that Columbus had guaranteed pioneers while organizing the subsequent journey had neglected to show up. Columbus had been a poor senator during his short residency (1494-1496) and the pioneers were upset to see him. The pioneers grumbled sharply, and Columbus needed to drape a couple of them so as to balance out the circumstance. Understanding that he required assistance administering the wild and hungry pioneers, Columbus sent to Spain for help. Francisco de Bobadilla Reacting to gossipy tidbits about hardship and poor administration with respect to Columbus and his siblings, the Spanish crown sent Francisco de Bobadilla to Hispaniola in 1500. Bobadilla was an aristocrat and a knight of the Calatrava request, and he was given wide powers by the Spanish crown, overriding those of Colombus. The crown expected to get control over the unusual Colombus and his siblings, who notwithstanding being overbearing governors were additionally associated with inappropriately assembling riches. In 2005, a record was found in the Spanish chronicles: it contains direct records of the maltreatment of Columbus and his siblings. Columbus Imprisoned Bobadilla showed up in August 1500, with 500 men and a bunch of local slaves that Columbus had brought to Spain on a past journey: they were to be liberated by regal announcement. Bobadilla found the circumstance as terrible as he had heard. Columbus and Bobadilla conflicted: on the grounds that there was little love for Columbus among the pilgrims, Bobadilla had the option to applaud him and his siblings in chains and toss them in a prison. In October 1500, the three Columbus siblings were sent back to Spain, still in shackles. From stalling out in the doldrums to being sent back to Spain as a detainee, Columbus’ Third Voyage was a disaster. Consequence and Importance Back in Spain, Columbus had the option to work out of difficulty: he and his siblings were liberated in the wake of spending just half a month in jail. After the principal journey, Columbus had been allowed a progression of significant titles and concessions. He was named Governor and Viceroy of the newfound terrains and was given the title of Admiral, which would go to his beneficiaries. By 1500, the Spanish crown was starting to lament this choice, as Columbus had demonstrated to be a poor representative and the terrains he had found could possibly be incredibly rewarding. On the off chance that the details of his unique agreement were respected, the Columbus family would in the long run redirect a lot of riches from the crown. Despite the fact that he was liberated from jail and a large portion of his territories and riches were reestablished, this episode gave the crown the reason they expected to strip Columbus of a portion of the exorbitant concessions that they had initially consented to. Gone were the places of Governor and Viceroy and the benefits were diminished also. Columbus’ youngsters later battled for the benefits surrendered to Columbus with blended achievement, and lawful wrangling between the Spanish crown and the Columbus family over these rights would proceed for quite a while. Columbus’ child Diego would in the long run serve for a period as Governor of Hispaniola because of the details of these understandings. The debacle that was the third journey basically concluded the Columbus Era in the New World. While different adventurers, for example, Amerigo Vespucci, accepted that Columbus had discovered already obscure terrains, he obstinately held to the case that he had discovered the eastern edge of Asia and that he would before long discover the business sectors of India, China, and Japan. Albeit numerous at court trusted Columbus to be distraught, he had the option to assemble a fourth journey, which on the off chance that anything was a greater calamity than the third one. The fall of Columbus and his family in the New World made a force vacuum, and the King and Queen of Spain immediately filled it with Nicols de Ovando, a Spanish aristocrat who was delegated senator. Ovando was an unfeeling however viable senator who heartlessly cleared out local settlements and proceeded with the investigation of the New World, making way for the Age of Conquest. Sources: Herring, Hubert. A History of Latin America From the Beginnings to the Present.. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962 Thomas, Hugh. Streams of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire, from Columbus to Magellan. New York: Random House, 2005.

Rewind the Tape

Rewind the Tape This entry might make it seem like all I do is eat food, but I promise I do other stuff too. So early last week, my friends and I went out to celebrate a friends 21st birthday. I returned to my Texas roots with a nice steak. Our waiter didnt ask for her ID, and I was a little disappointed so I called him back just so I could snap this photo. I was somewhat reminded of the day I turned 18 and tried to buy a lottery ticket and the attendant REFUSED to look at my ID. I was hurt. Tuesday, my office decided to take the monthly company party outside of the office and took us all to Jillians for some fun and food. Its a pretty rare occasion to get paid just to sit back and have fun, so I definitely seized the opportunity. I had to leave early to get to campus to film the documentary that Ive still told you nothing about minus the fact that Im filming one. Wednesday, I was joined by Anjana to attend an information session on Bain Company, a consulting firm. A lot of MIT graduates from all different majors have gone on to become associate consultants and consultants there. Friday, I found the golden ticket. Well, figuratively. Every Friday this summer, theyve got Free Friday Flicks at the Hatch Shell. Last Fridays movie was Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory. I was too far back to really enjoy the movie and since Id seen it many times before I ended up leaving early and was able to escape the rain. Now I havent seen the new one, but was it good? Saturday, I went to check out a new restaurant called b.good with Nadia 08 and Jessica 08. Ive been trying to compile a list of restaurants owned/managed by MIT alums, and this is one of them. Theyve got a lot of healthy alternatives to the typical fast food meal especially with their baked french fries. Should they be called french bakes instead of fries since theyre not fried? This restaurant is even cooler for their car. And even more cooler than that because theyll be participating in Orientation. Sunday, I had the opportunity to dim sum for the first time here in Boston. A group of about 12 of us went to Chinatown to China Pearl where I had a little bit of this and a little bit of that. It was awesome especially since my roommate knew how to speak Chinese and that was really helpful. If youre ever there, make sure you try the fried radish. Summer does provide you with the opportunity to stop into some of those shops that youd otherwise have little time for. Near to the Park Street T Station, theres an antique coin shop, so me and my roommates stepped in to check out the collection. The shop owners recognized our Brass Rats and went on to tell us how one day wed be able to afford to buy their whole store (hopefully!). My roommate ended up buying a coin from 283 AD. I was still in diapers then. Oh and Sam, if youre reading this, cucumber ice cream is back at JP Licks.

10 Useful Tips How To Choose And Buy Perfect House

BLOG In: How to If you wish to purchase the house of your dream, you should not think, that it is impossible. It is not too complicated if you know what you are doing. The main fact, do not make the mistakes when you estimate the value of the houses, be sure that everything is ok with the documents and after that you can live in your own house. It is possible to get the sample argumentative essays on a given topic, you just need to place the order and wait. You can be sure, that you will be satisfied with the result. Here you can find the valuable advices, which will help you to make the right choice and avoid a lot of mistakes. With their help, you will purchase the comfortable and reliable house. 1. The location is very important Maybe, you have already found the appropriate option for yourself, but you should not make the quick decision if you do not have the full information about the place, where this house is located. If you wish to have a lot of plants, you should collect the information about the soil, because in the other way you will need to purchase it additionally. And it can cost a lot of money. Also, you should check the ecology. You can ask about this information the specialists or the local citizens. It will be better to know this information and you not have any surprises in the future. Our paper writers can provide you with any detailed information, which can help you to make your choice. 2. The distance from the city First of all, you should analyze how comfortable is the location of the house and if it is far from the city. Also you should think about how you will get to your work, or if there is the school, the hospital, the shop or some other places which are needed for the comfortable life. 3. The spring and the autumn the best time for purchasing the house Exactly these periods of time can give you the excellent opportunity to estimate not only the beauty of the house in these seasons, but also you will be able to see the technical conditions of the house. It is recommended not to purchase the house, which was just built. It is better to find the house, which was built up to one year ago, because you will be able to check the conditions after the winter and after the summer. But there are some benefits if you purchase the house in the winter. The prices during the winter period are lower than the prices in the other seasons. 4. The material One of the main questions you have when you wish to purchase the house is about the material, which it is built from. It is impossible to provide you with some universal answer to this question, because it depends on what you like. You can choose the wooden house, but there is the danger of the fire and the biological factor. The houses from the bricks are very reliable, but it costs a lot of money. It is recommended to have the house from the bricks, because they can be for the ages, but it is your own choice which decision you need to accept. 5. Check the foundation The technical structure of the foundation is the main point during the process of the purchasing the house. If you have the reliable foundation, it means, that your house will stand for some ages. 6. Check the communication If you wish to live in the comfortable conditions, you need to check the communications. It is needed to check the water, the gas and the light, because if you do not ask about it, you can have a lot of problems in the future. It is needed to check everything before the purchasing the house. 7. Hire the experienced lawyer When you have chosen the house and decided to purchase it, you need to contact a lawyer. It should be done in the case you wish to avoid some problems with the documents. Nowadays, there are a lot of people, which can provide you with the wrong documents and you can just lose your money. It is very difficult for the person, that has never worked with these cases to understand, where are the real documents. If you hire the lawyer, it will be easier for you to purchase the house and to be sure, that everything is ok, and this house really belongs to you. The lawyer will check all the papers you should write and will help you with them. 8. You purchase not only house You should not forget, that when you purchase the house, you also purchase the soil, where it stands. You should check the squareness of the soil and if everything is ok with the registration form. Also, you should remember, that you will get two separate documents, which will show, that you are the owner of the house and the owner of the soil. 9. Write the contract If you decided to purchase the house, but it requires some time to write the papers, it is recommended to write the contract with the owner of the house. You should write the things, which are in the house and the conditions, which the house is in. There were a lot of cases, when people decided to purchase the house, but till the moment of writing the papers, the owner could change the windows, doors or took some furniture. If you wish to avoid such things, it is needed to write the contract and because of it, the owner will not be able to change something in the house. 10. The technique If you purchase the house with all furniture and technique, it is needed to check everything. You should check if everything works correctly, because in the other way, you have the right to pay the lower price, because the things are broken. To sum up, it is quite difficult process, because you purchase the house for a long period of time. But if you check these advices and will spend some time for choosing it, you will be able to purchase the best house in the world. Also, if you need to get any detailed information, our professional writers will be glad to help you. You can just place the order on our site and wait till it is ready.

Cmn 277 Essay - 2505 Words

Communication 277: Introduction to Mediated Communication Spring 2012 Study Guide for Examination #2 This study guide is organized by lecture topics. Within each topic is listed the major areas that may be included on the examination. You are responsible for the content that falls within each major area. I. Lecture content from before Examination #1 A) Regulation of Media Content 1) Ways government can regulate speech 1. Law: passed by some government body 2. Agency regulation: FCC-Federal communications commission 3. Court decision regarding a law or regulation 4. Pressure/threats 2) Elements protecting the media 1. First amendment and specific laws/regulations 2.†¦show more content†¦Multiple causes model X X Y X b. Mutual causation model X Y c. Intervening model (not directly) X Z Y 3. Alternative causal models One-way model here is false a. Reverse causation model X Y b. Third-factor model X Y Z 3) Data collection methods: description, advantages, and disadvantages of content analysis, surveys, and experiments 1. Content analysis Numerical description of media a. Advantages Identifies what is in the media message that starts in message b. Disadvantages By itself, cannot demonstrate cause and effect 2. Surveys Asking representative sample, external validity a. Advantages 1) Representative sample of people 2) Measures naturally occurring events b. Disadvantages 1) Limited to questions 2) Cannot measure time order 3. Experiments Expose people to something: measure effects, internal, validity a. Advantages 1) Can observe/manipulate events 2) Can observe time order b. Disadvantages 1) Often uses limited sample of people 2) Artificial setting and situations C) Uses and Gratifications Theories 1) Uses and Gratifications defined and the uses and gratifications model 1. Defined What happens before and during media

Pre K For All By Mayor De Blasio Essay - 1657 Words

Pre-K for All was initiated by Mayor de Blasio of New York City which started in January of 2014. During the NYC Mayoral election race of 2013, Bill de Blasio campaigned on a platform of closing the divides of racial and economic inequality. His foremost initiative was to expand access to free, full day, Pre-K to all 4-year-old New York City children under New York’s Universal Pre-K program. His goal was to increase the number of free full day program seats from the 19,287, in 2013-2014, to 53,604 by 2014-2015. (â€Å"Mayor de Blasio Announces Over 68,500 Students Enrolled in Pre-K for All†, 2015) The program succeeded at reaching ddeBlasio’s goals and by 2014-2015 school year, 65,563 children were enrolled in Pre-K for All programs. (â€Å"Mayor de Blasio Announces Over 68,500 Students Enrolled in Pre-K for All†, 2015) The almost tripling of the number of enrolled students speaks to the Mayor’s drive to meet this goal. The Mayor, through his actions and his speeches, has shown that he believes the research when it comes to early childhood education and its potential lifetime impact on income and lifestyle. His continuing message throughout the election race was that he wanted to end the â€Å"tale of two cities,† bridging divides between haves and have-nots in New York City. (Thomas Kaplan, â€Å"De Blasio’s Tale of 2 New Yorks Inspires Liberals beyond City,† New York Times, December 20, 2013),Show MoreRelatedBill De Blasio : The Mayors Policies Of The New York City924 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Bill de Blasio set his sights on becoming New York City’s 109th Mayor winning would align him with former bold policymakers. His most prolific Mayoral contributions will stand alongside Ed Koch’s policies that brought the City back from fiscal crisis after a recessi on. David Dinkins the only Black Mayor’s policies that successfully returned the City to calm after rioting occurred in Crown Heights. Rudy Giuliani’s policies a major guiding force after 911. In addition, Michael Bloomberg’s policies

Personal Narrative The Newest Member - 1553 Words

Jarrett Perns EN 101-4011 24 September 2015 Personal Narrative The Newest Member â€Å"Who thought the baptism water would be as cold as an ice bath?† Much like anyone growing up in Las Vegas, or otherwise known as â€Å"Sin City,† we have always been surrounded by people from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Those people are commonly known as â€Å"Mormons.† Boy, let me tell you, there are Mormons everywhere in Vegas! There was always something about them that made me interested. There was a light as bright as the sun that always shined from them. They always had a smile on their face, from ear to ear and once you start talking to them I found that they are the nicest people. I then got to know and started hanging out with the Mormons. I then became interested with the religion aspect. I grew up in a loving family that taught me good morals and supported me from day one. I can t recall a time in my life that I didn t think of myself as Mormon. Which is kind of odd I suppose, as I didn t grow up in a home whe re the Mormon gospel was lived. My dad is my role model. He was as honest and honorable as any man I’ve ever known completely just in his dealings with his fellowmen. We were a little religious when I was growing up. My dad was Catholic so he prepared us for Communion and Confirmation into the Catholic church. I didn’t like how my dad forced the whole religion upon me. There isn’t a single memory in my head of any family prayer. Attending church regularly wasn’tShow MoreRelatedNon Profit And For Profit Organizations Use Pr, Advertising, And Social Media1472 Words   |  6 Pagestheir story and provide updates on their research, follow up on patients recovery s, advertising fundraising events, and thanking donors. Social media can show more about the organization and present more about themselves to more people on a more personal level and enhance their overall story and brand. 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If an entire tribe and all its descendants were killed off, the specific stories and history of that tribe would also be gone. Other tribes may speak of the first, but never in the same detail or with the same perspective as the original tribe members. Long before settlers arrived in America, explorers reporte d on their voyages to the continent. Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci provided some of the earliest European descriptions of the American continent. Before 1600 Sir Walter RaleighRead MoreThe Dystopia By George Orwell2154 Words   |  9 Pagesaccepting two contradictory beliefs and is at the heart of all Party doctrine (Orwell 190). The word â€Å"control† suggests that â€Å"reality control† is an active process requiring the people themselves reconcile conflicting memories or beliefs with the newest Party declaration. 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Negative Impacts and Harm of Drinking Alcohol Essay

As we all know, alcohol is a product that has provided a variety of functions for people in the world. Alcoholic beverages have been consumed by humans in the very early time, they were one of the most popular drink and have been widely used in everywhere of the world. Also they were used medicinally, chemically, physically and so on. The alcohol plays an important role in enhancing the enjoyment and quality of life, for instance, they could create the human relations easily, can facilitate relaxation, can benefit your health if drink in moderation, and increase the pleasure of eating. However, even though the alcohol had benefit people in many ways, but did you know the negative impacts and harms that excessive drinking alcohol could†¦show more content†¦Also for many people, alcohol provides a wonderful function, people drink alcohol to temporarily relieve stress.(Lin, 2013).† â€Å"Alcohol related crashes kills someone in the U.S. every 22 minutes. At any minute, one of 50 drivers on the road is drunk and every weekend night, one out of 10 is drunk.(Kypri, 1994).† This quote means In United State, every 22 minutes there was a person killed by car accident involving alcohol. One of 50 drivers on the road was drunk at any minute; one of 10 is drunk in weekend night. The quote shows the number of traffic fatalities annually related to alcohol, do you realized what does those numbers truly represented? Those are the examples of drunk drive that got people killed in the life. â€Å"Underage drinking is a leading contributor to death from injuries, which are the main cause of death for people under age 21. Annually, about 5,000 people under age 21 die from alcohol-related injuries involving underage drinking.( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013).† This quote means underage drinking alcohol is the major cause of death and injuries for teenager who is under age 21. There were about 5,000 people under age 21 died in the ac cident that associated with alcohol every year. In the quote, it shows the disadvantage of underage drinking, which could cause the death and injuries ofShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism should be banned772 Words   |  4 PagesTASK 1 Topic: Alcohol consumption should be banned. Argue for or against the statement. Argument For Topic sentence: Alcohol consumption should be banned Supporting ideas: 1. Effects of alcohol abuse in your body 2. How does alcohol affect family life’s 3. The effects of drinking and driving Task 2 Rough draft In my personal opinion I am in favour of alcohol being banned. I am a victim of alcoholic parents , so I can relate to the difficulties that I was faced withRead MoreHealth And Performance Effects Of Alcohol Use By Intercollegiate / Varsity Athletes1232 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the health and performance effects of alcohol use by intercollegiate / Varsity athletes? 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Bee Biology Free Essays

Discuss pesticide problems relating to beekeeping, including symptoms, distinguishing from disease and preventing pesticide impact. Adult Parasites: †¢ Varroa Mites o Caused by the parasitic mite called Varroa Destructor (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). o Symptoms include: existence of adult mites on adult bees, brood, or hive debris; adults have their abdomens shortened, wings distorted, and legs are deformed; and lastly, adult population and brood area declines dramatically, with blotchy brood pattern (North Carolina State University, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Bee Biology or any similar topic only for you Order Now o It can be prevented through using screened bottom boards, mite-tolerant stocks, drone-blood trapping, and management of still dusts (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Varroa mites can be detected using sugar shake or ether roll, sticky board, alcohol wash, or drone-blood inspection or visual inspection. o Treatments: Spring (before honey flow) o The use of volatile treatment (thymol, formic acid, etc) should not be used for they can cause reduction in the brood area. Appropriate dosage of Apistan or checkmite+ can be used as long as the mites have not formerly developed a resistance (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). Late spring/summer (during/immediately following honey flow) ? Chemical treatments should never be used while hone supers are on hives. o Exploit one or more systems of preclusion, for instance, the use of screened bottom boards or mite-tolerant stock (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). Autumn (preparing for winter) ? Test regularly for mites, if possible once a month. o Alternate treatments regularly to lessen the comprehensive exposure of any chemical for mites (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). †¢ Nosema o Caused by the protozoan, Nosema apis o Stress from periods of long confinement, fast brood build-up, sustenance discrepancy and bad weather are some factors that may cause the existence of Nosema (Stanford, 2003). o Symptoms consist of distension of the abdomens and paralyzed behaviors of adults. o In order to control the disease, practice proper management technique while using the antibiotic fumagilin (Fumidil B, Nosem X) (Stanford, 2003). †¢ Other adult bee diseases include rickettsial disease, amoeba disease, spiroplasmas, and many others. Brood Diseases: †¢ American Foulbrood o Caused by spore-forming bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae larvae (Stanford, 2003). o Symptoms consist of sour or â€Å"of a glue pot† odor; pierced or sunken capping; and resultant sticky black scales (Stanford, 2003). o To prevent the disease secure hygienic stocks; avoid robbing by keeping colonies strong; minimize comb swapping between hives; replace three combs in the brood chamber every year with foundation or drawn combs from honey supers; and disinfect bee hives or suspect frames and brood boxes at the NCDA fumigation chamber using ethylene oxide (North Carolina State University, 2007). o If the disease is already present, treatments include burning of all frames and euthanizing of bees; scorching or fumigation of empty brood boxes, bottom boards, inner covers, and lids; lastly, contact your regional Apiary inspector (North Carolina State University, 2007). †¢ European Foulbrood o Caused by the bacterium Melissococcus pluton and associated flora o Symptoms include a characteristic odor; rare presence of perforated or hollow cappings; and a resultant black scale, which is often twisted in its cell (Stanford, 2003). o To prevent the disease, maintain a strong and healthy colony. o To treat the disease: maintain a hive quarantine and be vigilant for re-emergent signs of the disease; for light infections, reduce the area of the brood nest, replace infected combs with foundation, and keep the colony strong; for more serious infection, treat with terramycin, feed to colonies in powdered sugar by dusting on the top of the brood nest (North Carolina State University, 2007). †¢ Other brood diseases include chalkbrood, stonebrood, sacbrood, and Purple brood. Pests and Predators: †¢ Wax moth o Symptoms include: large larvae tunneling through the wax combs of weak hives or stored bee equipment; and presence of silk cocoons in infested hives or equipments (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Treatment recommendations include: storing of unused combs with PDB crystals. Never place crystals on a living colony, as the fumes are highly toxic to adult bees and brood. In case of heavy infestations, freeze combs for 1-2 days before reusing (North Carolina State University, 2007). †¢ Small Hive Beetle o Symptoms include: presence of adult beetles and eggs or larvae; watery, fermenting comb with small white grubs eating the wax; and larvae crawling out of the front entrance of the hive and burrowing into the soil (North Carolina State University, 2007). o If there are adults, tape half a strip of checkmite+ beneath a square of corrugated cardboard placed on the bottom board of hive. If larvae are present: replace infected combs with foundation, then urn them or freeze them; Apply GuardStar soil drench around the perimeter of the hive to kill developing pupae in the ground around the hive (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Other pests in the honey bee colonies include ants, robber flies, mantids, yellowjackets, and other wasps (Stanford, 2003). 2. Describe the setup of a good honey house, indicating positive aspects of your arrangement. For the rural areas, Vautier Hive is ideal. It allows the bee keeper to produce good quality honey with fewer costs in building it. The hive is made from cement to protect the colonies from bad weather, bush fires and predators (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). The heavy weight of the hives will make it hard for the thieves to steal those (Volunteers for Africa Sustainable Natural Resource Management, 2006). The vautier hive should be raised off the ground on rocks or tires. The bee colony dwells in a small volume that is needed. At harvest time, just open the hive, remove the flames that are full of honey and replace them with new flames. Close the hives until the next harvest(BeesforDevelopment, 2006). The hive produces 20-25 kg of honey per year (Volunteers for Africa Sustainable Natural Resource Management, 2006). †¢ Materials needed: o Cement o Lumber, bamboo or branches o Wooden mould †¢ The width of the hive should be twice than its height. Interior dimensions should be smaller. Create an entrance hole in the bottom of one side (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). Put a platform in front of entrance then make a ventilation hole at the back (BeesforDevelopment Inc. , 2007). †¢ The 22 frames should all have a top-bar and 2 triangles. Any long and stiff piece of wood can be used for top-bar. Cut the triangles from a square or rectangular piece of wood. Glue the triangles under the top-bar, making sure that all the frames are the same size (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). †¢ In order to encourage the bees to use the frames properly, put wax guides or foundation to the top-bar, centered and running the whole length of the top-bar, all the way to the edges of the triangles (BeesforDevelopment Inc. , 2007). How to cite Bee Biology, Papers

Economic Article Analysis

Question: The fluctuation in the price of oil has several impacts on the economic stability of a country. Explain? Answer: Introduction The fluctuation in the price of oil has several impacts on the economic stability of a country. It can be seen that in the recent years, the price of crude oil has fallen tremendously that has affected the global oil industry. The impact of the fall in price of crude oil can be mostly seen on the oil producing countries. The fall in price of oil leads to economic downturn and increase expenditure of the government. Along with that, it is important to note that the government plays an important role in controlling the oil price in the domestic market. The paper has been developed to analyze the article that has been chosen for preparing the main report. A proper analysis of the article is provided with discussion for further understanding. Analysis of the Article The article written by Soh (2016) shows that the recent price slump in the global oil prices has certainly benefited Singapores consumers more than the industries. The drop down of crude oil prices has brought relief to the common public of Singapore as the electricity bills, and cost of petrol have been fell about 15% and 5.5% respectively (Soh, 2016). Meanwhile, in a previous couple of years since 2014, the crude prices have seemed a price slump by 48%. There are some fundamental reasons behind the relatively smaller proportion of drop down of electricity prices in Singapore (The Straits Times, 2015). Primarily, 95% of electricity produced in Singapore has relied on the natural gas prices. In the case of discussing the impact of falling oil prices in refinery and petrochemical industry, pump prices have hit six-year lows (Lim, 2016). The petrochemical industry and refining businesses have not seemed to be benefited to a larger extent due to the fall in crude prices as slumping oil prices have slowed the growth minimising the profit outlook. On the other hand, oil-intensive manufacturers in Singapore have been benefited through cut off in the fuel surcharges enjoying savings in fuel price (Cheon and Urpelainen, 2012). As far as transport and logistics businesses are concerned, the slump in crude oil prices can be seen as the most suitable business event. Due to lower crude prices, the transportation business can secure maximum profitability even after decreasing the cost of services (Elliott, 2016). Discussion Due to the rise in crude oil inventories and global economic slowdown, the crude oil prices have slipped down to nearly US$ 30 a barrel earlier in the current year. The growing pressure in crude oil has fuelled new difficulties for the large offshore and marine sector of Singapore. According to the economic analysts, the geopolitical tensions have been a significant worry for the global economy. Hence, due to the falling oil prices, oil rigs, offshore and marine, oil drilling businesses and oil suppliers in the Singapore market have suffered massive losses (Liao and Suen, 2016). The sudden drop down in prices has limited the oil production in Singapore as the cost of output and profitability margins have been the major issues. The sustainable decline in the crude oil prices has forced the oil drilling businesses to reduce the exploration and oil production to a larger extent. Hence, the article provides a proper understanding of the facts that are occurring in the Singapore economy in the recent years. The articles relates to the economic subjects that are taught in class such as economic downturn due to the fall of price of the oil. Furthermore, the article discusses certain policies that are implemented by the government of Singapore to overcome the challenges going on in the Singapore oil industry. Conclusion Due to the slump in the oil prices, a rare economic incident has occurred to Singapore economy as Singapore has seen deflation for the first time in last five years. Incredibly, the prices of the products have been fallen in a significant way creating relief for the public of Singapore. On the other flip, the downtrend of oil prices has created an adverse impact on the real estate market as the property market is facing significant headwinds. The beneficiary from the falling oil prices is quite limited as merely the consumers and oil-intensive businesses are the leading gainers. Meanwhile, oil-related business enterprises such as marine organisations and oil-rig building companies have observed reverse in the business environment seeing orders reduced. References Cheon, A. and Urpelainen, J. (2012). Oil prices and energy technology innovation: An empirical analysis.Global Environmental Change, 22(2), pp.407-417. Liao, H. and Suen, Y. (2016). Dating Breaks for Global Crude Oil Prices and Their Volatility: A Possible Price Band for Global Crude Prices.Energy Studies Review, 14(2). Lim, L. (2016).Little cheer for Singapores economy despite lower oil prices: Analysts. Soh, A. (2016).Low oil prices: Consumers benefited more than industries last year. [online] The Business Times. The Straits Times. (2015).Oil price rout: How falling oil prices impact the Singapore economy, businesses and consumers.

Essay About Abortion Example For Students

Essay About Abortion Abortion is one of the most controversial and talked about topics of our time. It is discussed in classrooms, work places and even on the Internet. Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in or closely followed by the death of an embryo or fetus. This definition includes accidental abortion such as, miscarriage and stillbirths. But this is not what is being debated. People want to know if abortion is ethical, if the fetus can feel pain, and when it is more human than non-human. These questions are very difficult to answer and may never be answered in our lifetime. But one thing we as humans do know is that we have opinions, ranging from completely anti abortion (pro-life) to completely for abortion (pro-choice), and anywhere in the wide spectrum in between. Abortion is a movement that was erected almost 40 years ago. This movement has been very controversial over the years; the main reason being that it is something that there is virtually no in between. You either are, or you are not. Both movements, (pro-life and pro-choice) have been one of the most controversial movements in a political presents. The opposition feels that pro-choice does not mean Pro-abortion, it is the right in choosing whether to reproduce, adopt, or abort. It is every human beings right to make there own decisions, and so it is a womans right to make the choices that affect her life as she sees morally right. It is a womans right to choose what she does with her body and it should not be altered or influenced by anyone else. As you can see, there are two sides of this movement that are constantly looking for contradictions in what other believes. There are many different viewpoints on abortion in the United States of America. Where most Americans do not feel that abortion is necessarily good, they do believe it is a right. Others have similar opinions. They embrace contradictory opinions and consider abortion a form of murder and yet still feel it should be legal for the truly desperate. However, most Americans think abortions are morally troubling. A recent study by George Hunt shows that neither age nor gender appears to have any effect on peoples current views on abortions. (Wolf p54)MovementNow that we know so much about what each movement stands for, it would be rather imperative that we know what a movement is. A movement is constituted by human beings engaged in discourses and practices designed to challenge and change society as they define it Contemporary Movements and Ideologies p.12. To simplify this definition, it is a change in the status quo of society. To simplify even more, it is changing from the norm. The normal way of life 70 years ago had always been the freedom to make your own decision. In most cases thats perfectly OK, however the pro-lifers feel differently, and that is no one should have the freedom to take another life. So essentially what they are trying to change is the taking of life from another innocent human being. Theyre trying established laws in attempts to protect and support the discourses and ideologies of their movements. One question that will often arise is this, why are people engaged in a social movement rather than coping with these problems on the individual basis or through institutionalized channel? The answer to this question is fairly simple. Pro-live supporters are involved in this for the simple reason that they feel passionately enough about it that they want to make a difference in society. Discourses and IdeologiesDiscourses and ideologies are what make a movement a movement. Essentially what a discourse is, is what the actual movement is trying t o say. What the pro-lifers say about this movement is that abortions should not be legal. They say that every innocent human being has a right to life. Pro-life advocates are involved in many practices that enhance what they say. Some simple statistics that are in support of the pro-lifers discourse are these. 1.5 million babies are aborted each year, whereas there are 1.6 million that wish to adopt. -Medical Economics, p.33. Another staggering statistic, between 1973 -1984 there were 15 million babies aborted. That number alone is unbelievable, that is ten times the number of Americans lost in all of are nations wars. Now in all honesty tell me, who is against who. . -Medical Economics, p.88. Blessed is the mother who would never think of asking her child to give up its life for hers.-Thou Shalt Not Play God p.2. Pro-life advocates convey that these are only a few reasons in which to support their movement. These points and ones similar to them helps to dictate what is really impo rtant, hence, their discourse. Macbeth is boring EssayConclusionContrary to popular belief, a movement is not something that someone could wake up and devise in one day. What a movement is essentially is an organization, and a very complex one at that. There are many contributing factors to movements success, far more than listed above. In my opinion when I have listed above is the skeletal structure of a movement success. Why do movements exist? Furthermore, why would people contribute to them? Why did they decide they wanted to deal with this problem in they movement rather than deal with them independently? These are all very complex questions with very complex answers. In short, because there is a demand for it. If and when a group of people decides that they are not happy with the regular status quo, they decide to take that initiative to get that changed. My personal opinion is that movements are extremely necessary in todays society. People in this world are living a specific way, and when that way is not suitable for them, they need to make that decision to create a movement to ultimately achieve their discourse. Through researching movements, furthermore, the pro-life movement, I have to revert to an original statement I already made and that is, movements in todays society are essential. BibliographyBooks UsedClark, Thomas. Thou Shalt Not Play God The Humanist July-August 1995: p3Hunt, George W.. Of Many Things America 31 January 1998: p2Lavelle, Marianne. When Abortion Comes Late In Pregnancy, Though Rare, MostLefevere, Patricia. Ex-abortion Providers; Conversation Tales National CatholicReporter 16 March 22 2000: p6Merril, Ted. Abortion; Extreme Views Ignore Reality Medical Economics 15 July 1996:p33McMillan, Jeff. Focusing On a Womans Right To Self Defense The Chronicle of HigherEducation. 6 December 1998: pA12No Easy Quick Fix Solutions To Abortion Issues National Catholic Reporter 8November 1996: p20Thomas, Judy. Pro-life Turns Deadly Newsweek May 13 2000: p64Wallace, Bruce. When One Fetus Lives and One Dies Macleans

A Study on Role of Advertisement in Promotion of Tourism in India Essay Example

A Study on Role of Advertisement in Promotion of Tourism in India Essay INTRODUCTION We live in a marketing and media-driven world. Any organization involved in the leisure and tourism business; arts centers, museums, sports clubs and small hotels to the largest theme parks, airlines and cruise companies, is interested in advertising Many companies think that they should cut expenditure on advertising and redirect it into sales promotions, direct mail, public relations and other forms of marketing communications. Advertising is not an expensive but, rather, is a strategic activity which should be regarded as an investment in the product or brand. Reducing advertising spend may yield short-term savings but may well lead to long-term loss of market share. In the late 1970s Adidas cut advertising spend on its sports shoes and found that the brand was not strong enough to maintain market share in the face of new competitors. It has struggled to recover its former position. Advertising must be sustained to maintain a brand’s market presence since people only buy those products they talk about. â€Å"Out of sight is out of mind for the customer† Effective advertising cannot guarantee success, but it certainly increases its chances. Advertising plays an important and limited role within the process of marketing. Advertising has three basic objectives: * To  inform  customers about new products, experiences, services and other information that they need to be know. * To  persuade  customers to purchase a destination or product, to perceive a destination or product differently or change a brand preference (as an example to perhaps change a customer’s preference for a destination or change of accommodation at a destination) or, * To  remind  customers about a destination or product, where it may be purchased or how it may be purchased (booked). Good marketers see their business from the customer’s viewpoint and organize their entire enterprise to develop relationships with the customer based on trust. Marketing is the ability to develop a mix of marketing strategies to influence customers to buy products and services. This mix consists of a set of four decisions: Product decisions, Pricing decisions, Distribution decisions, Promotional decisions. A product may be a tour package, an airline seat, a destination, a hotel, a meal. The product should provide benefits to the customer; the price ensures the product is priced at a level that reflects consumer value. The distribution component ensures access to the product in the right place at the right time in sufficient quantities to meet customer needs. ADVERTISING: PROMOTION Advertising is only one element of the promotional mix. Advertising is defined and is taken to mean mass communication via newspapers, magazines, radio, television, billboards, the Internet, or direct-to-consumer communication via direct mail. Promotion: can be a short-term activity, but also, when seen at a strategic level, it is mid- and long-term investment aimed at building up a consistent and credible corporate or destination identity. We will write a custom essay sample on A Study on Role of Advertisement in Promotion of Tourism in India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Study on Role of Advertisement in Promotion of Tourism in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Study on Role of Advertisement in Promotion of Tourism in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer THE IMPORTANCE OF ADVERTISING IN TOURISM: In the tourism and hospitality sectors, where the product is a â€Å"service† promotion is more vital than other industries. The tourism product is â€Å"intangible†, â€Å"inseparable†, â€Å"variable† and â€Å"perishable†. There is nothing tangible for the customer to examine beforehand or to take away afterwards. The service is inseparable from its production. The experience is variable and subject to factors beyond marketer’s control. The product is perishable and cannot be stored for sale. The customer buys a holiday on the basis of symbolic expectations established promotionally through words, pictures, sounds . tc. Tourism experiences are constructed in our imagination through advertising and the media. The tourism product is also a discretionary (optional) product, which will be competing for both the customer’s time and money against essential items of expenditure and other discretion ary purchases. These 5 attributes â€Å"intangible†, â€Å"inseparable†, â€Å"variable†, â€Å"perishable† and â€Å"discretionary† mean that the skill in tourism and leisure marketing lies in creating the perceived value of the product. HOW ADVERTISING WORKS IN TOURISM AND LEISURE Advertising is a process of communication. Ads should persuade and suggest things that the consumer may not previously have considered and the persuasion process is achieved through ads. Advertising must create immediate and measurable effects. When effective, advertising (communication) moves customers along a way from â€Å"awareness of a product† to â€Å"reinforcing post-purchase satisfaction†. Stage 1: Awareness: Target market to be aware of product. Stage 2: Comprehension: Potential customers to understand its features and benefits Stage 3: Acceptance: Potential customers must decide that the product can meet their needs. Advertising plays a vital role here. Stage 4: Preference: Advertising must offer for Potential customers a compelling reason to think that the product meets their needs. Stage 5: Purchase: Advertising motivates customers to action or to buy the product. This objective is always linked to sales promotions. Stage 6 Reinforcement: To confirm customers’ choices and create a sense of satisfaction about their actions or purchase. HOW ADVERTISING WORKS? 4 key models are used in planning advertising today: Sales response model: Sales response model is a very simple price-based model. It encourages the purchase of a product purely on the basis of its price. Persuasion model: Persuasion model takes the advertisement as a starting point and if it is effectively compiled, its impact and message should persuade the audience that the product presented is the best one . Brand advantage is secured by highlighting a specific benefit of a product. Brand: product characteristics + added values Involvement Model: It aims to interest and engage the consumer. Once the interest is there, a relationship is created with the audience, to feel good about the product. The next step is the commitment to the product, resulting in increased sales. Saliency model: It depends on innovative brand, product- awareness. It moves the audience emotionally closer to the brand product. It generates a feeling of â€Å"that product is for me†. INTERNATIONAL TOURISM ADVERTISING International tourism advertising  is  tourism-related marketing on the part of a private or public entity directed towards audiences abroad, and might target potential travelers and non-travelers alike. Wholly private firms such as travel agencies, hotel chains, cruise agencies,  non-governmental organizations. When planning tourism advertising it is essential to consider customer buying patterns when planning a holiday (even tourism industry staff). These are the usual steps for most people. STEP. 1   Type of holiday Usually the first question is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"what type of holiday do we want? †Ã‚  This may be a seaside holiday, a touring by car holiday, perhaps a fishing trip, a restful quiet break in a mountain retreat, a houseboat holiday or one of many other options. STEP. 2 – Location â€Å"Where is the best place for our chosen type of holiday?   Will it be within the same state, interstate, perhaps New Zealand? † STERP. 3 Other activities â€Å"What else will we do while there? † What other attractions or activities  are available to enjoy? Other activities of appeal may be bushwalking, visiting wineries, playing golf, water skiing, river cruises, shopping, etc†Ã‚   While there may be a main reason for visiting a destination, usually customers want to know about other features. STEP. 4   Accommodation â€Å"Where shall we stay? †Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What options are there in type, standard and tariff? † STEP.   Dates and travel method â€Å"When do we want to travel? †Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"How will we travel? † STEP. 6  Bookings  Ã¢â‚¬Å"How do we make bookings? † â€Å"Do we need to book in advance? †Booking is also a major concern. Assistance with information: When formulating travel plans, frequently customers need information to assist with their decisions. The most popular sources of information are: * Visitor Information Centres (reached by phone, e-mail or writing) * Internet, websites are very popular with both Australian customers, particularly in capital cities, and overseas visitors Destination brochures * Travel agents (particularly for some destinations reached by air services or cruises) * Automobile clubs (for touring customers) * Friends and relatives who have previously visit ed the intended holiday destination. It is important to note that selection of the destination is a significant part of the process of planning leisure travel. If customers know little about the destination, it is not likely to be high on their list of preferred places to visit. The various steps above need to be kept in mind when designing tourism advertising. As the global travel market continues to expand with yearly increasing flights among international destinations, advertising efforts on the part of the major actors in this market are also increasing. Advertising  campaigns to promote travel to destinations abroad are particularly prevalent in western countries where the general publics expenditures on tourism tend to be consistently high, even in light of the  economic recession. Many advertisers, which include both private entities and foreign governments themselves, share the intended goal of increasing their own revenue by popularizing their service (e. . , airline or hotel chain) or destination to boost receipts from travelers; however, some travel campaigns have additional or alternative purposes, such as promoting good public sentiments or improving existing ones towards them among the target audience. Sometimes, states may use the branding of a product or service, itself, as a means of conveying a specific message without explicitly stating the message; this tactic is often used to soften the implied message itself, thus allowing the brander to sidestep or minimize controversy and/or opposition. DESTINATION ADVERTISING A great degree of ads promoting foreign countries are produced and distributed by the tourism ministries of those countries, so these ads often serve as  vehicles for political statements and/or depictions  of the destination countrys desired foreign public Perceptions. Following are only a few of the many examples of government-produced tourism destination advertising that also serve political or social functions. BAHAMAS: The Bahamas are commonly considered to be a focal point of leisure and recreational travel in the Caribbean and the island nation advertises itself as such. Television ads and website produced by the government of the Bahamas specifically foster the image of the islands providing a care-free, exciting, culturally rich, and even romantic experience for travelers; a recent slogan for the marketing campaign was Its better in the Bahamas to reinforce the contrast between the desired perception as a low-stress getaway and the hectic nature of whatever living environment tourists would be leaving behind. The Bahamas have, however, actually traditionally seen high violent crime rates,  so the tourism marketing attempts to focus the audiences attention on the azure water and beaches and draw it away from any negative elements of life there. Managing perceptions  is a common part of advertising of many consumer products and services, focusing the audiences mind solely on the desirable aspects of whatever is being sold and away from any possible drawbacks or consequences. INDIA The common impression of  India  in the West has long been either negative—including perceptions of widespread poverty, lack of sophisticated hygiene, and violent ethnic and religious clashes—or ambivalent, so the Indian governments Ministry of Tourism began a marketing campaign, Incredible  India, to emphasize the countrys rich culture, historic sites, tourist attractions, and general sense of excitement and dynamism to western audiences. Tourism is an extremely lucrative and growing global industry so it is no surprise that India, a developing nation, is striving to capitalize on that market to boost its economy. In addition, India is also looking to strengthen its international security and diplomatic ties while broadening and deepening its trade relationships, especially with the U. S ,  so it is in Indias interest to promote a positive light for itself among the American and western voting populations in order to garner future international support and aid. MEXICO Recently in 2010 the Tourism Board of  Mexico, a public office that aggregates the resources and interests of the federal, state, and municipal governments, launched a tourism advertising campaign in the  United States  and  Canada—the new campaigns purpose is expressly demonstrated by its marketing slogan, Mexico, the place you thought you knew. The print and television ads feature views of Mexicos beaches, natural wonders, cultural festivities, and historical artifacts like Mayan pyramids and Spanish churches in order to provide a counterbalance to the less preferable popular preconceptions. The eventual goal of tourism board is likely to increase tourism revenue for the country, but, for now, the Tourism Board is focusing on  managing perceptions  among the general populations of Mexicos two major neighboring trade partners. MALAYSIA In 1999, Malaysia launched a worldwide marketing campaign called â€Å"Malaysia, Truly Asia† which was largely successful in bringing in over 7. 4 million tourists. The extra revenue recently generated by tourism helped the country’s economy during the economic crisis of 2008. However, it is mainly Malaysia’s heavy government Regulations of the economy which enabled it to be barely affected by the recent 2008 global economic crisis. In recent years tourism has been threatened by the negative effects of the growing industrial economy. Due to the large amounts of air and water pollution along with deforestation, tourism has decreased in affected areas. EMIRATES Through advertising for the Emirates airline, one of the major themes that Dubai promotes is its evolving status as a key geographic and economic player in the Middle East. Emirates advertising describe Dubai as The perfect hub for an expanding global network THAILAND Tourism is a major economic factor in the Kingdom of Thailand, contributing an estimated 6. 7% to Thailands GDP in 2007. The main marketing slogan for promoting Thailand internationally was Amazing Thailand, but, in reaction to the 2009 tourism crisis, it was relaunched as Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value . By contrast, the main marketing slogan for promoting Thai tourism to the Thai is Unseen in Thailand. ABOUT TOURISM INDUSTRY Tourism is the largest service industry in  India  . It contributes 6. 23% to the  national GDP. According to  World Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011  ranked tourism in India sixth in terms of price competitiveness and 39th in terms of safety and security In 2011, total Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA) in India were 5. 78 million. The majority of foreign tourists come to India from USA and UK, Kerala,  Tamil Nadu,  Delhi,  Uttar Pradesh  and  Rajasthan are the top five states to receive inbound tourists. Domestic tourism in 2011 was 740 million. Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra received the big share of domestic visitors. Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency . It formulates national policies and programmes for the development and promotion of tourism. Concerted efforts are being made by them to promote new forms of tourism such as rural, cruise, medical and eco-tourism. The Ministry of Tourism also maintains the Incredible India  campaign. However inspite of these achievements, Indias tourism industry faces a number of problems such as: * India has a worker shortage. * Insufficient accommodation * Unclean rooms effect tourism adversely. * Food problems concern the foreign tourists. * Many places in the interior of the country are not well-connected by proper roads, railways or airways. * Excessive bureaucracy also delays new hotel and transportation projects, Tourists are often exploited economically * Criminal elements in India can make visits to India unsafe for women and elderly tourists. The tourist attractions in India are also being damaged by pollution. Oil refinery smoke is damaging the TajMahal, while ecosystems of the coasts, Rann of Kutch and the Himalayas are being battered by pollution. Areas Where Problems are Acute * Tourism problems are more common in the rural interior of the country. Orrisa is one of such places where problems are more. * These areas are rich in natural beauty, but they often lack bas ic infrastructure and accommodations for tourists. Often these regions are highly agrarian. The Government is often unable to secure enough land for developing tourism infrastructure, because it adversely affects local farmers. EFFECT OF TOURISM PROBLEMS IN INDIA * Tourism problems have contributed to Indias low share of 1 percent of the worlds total tourist arrival percentage. * It also leads to concentration of tourist attention to certain parts of the country. For example, the transport and communication industries of Delhi, Jaipur, Agra in northern India and Bhubaneswar, Konark, Puri in Orissa are preferred over other equally attractive Indian destinations. These problems also shorten the tourist season in India, which in turn leads to unemployment in off-seasons Future of Tourism * Despite all the problems with tourism in India, the industry has a bright future. * Tourist arrivals in 2012 are expected to rise 22 percent * Foreign exchange earnings from this industry are predicted to rise 33 percent above 2004 earnings. * The positive expectations have been based on the current growth rate of the industry which is being attributed to the fast-growing Indian economy for the past three to four years. Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, such as shortage of hotel rooms,  tourism revenues are expected to surge by 42% from 2007 to 2017 * Indias rich history and its cultural and geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with medical, business and sports tourism. TOURISM IN VARIOUS STATES OF INDIA ANDHRA PRADESH The state of Andhra Pradesh has scenic hi lls, forests, beaches and temples. It is one of the most developed cities in the country and a modern hub of information technology, ITES, and biotechnology. Hyderabad is known for its rich history, culture and architecture representing Its unique character as a meeting point for North and South India, and has a multilingual culture. It is called as city of nawabs Andhra Pradesh has many famous temples: * Tirupati -the abode of Lord Venkateswara is the richest and most visited religious center (of any faith) in the world. Srisailam- the abode of Sri Mallikarjuna is one of twelve Jyothirlingalu in India. * Amravati’s Siva temple is one of the Pancharamams. ATTRACTIONS: * Charminar  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Center of the Hyderabad Old City. Golkonda  Fort – Largest and 400 years oldest fort. * Makka Masjid– Masjid in Hyderabad City. * Ramoji Film City– Largest Film City in the world situated in Hyderabad City. * The golden beaches at  Visakhapatnam, picturesque Araku Valley, hill resorts of Horsley Hills, are some of the natural attractions of the state. ARUNANCHAL PRADESH Arunachal Pradesh is a serene land tucked into the North Eastern tip of India. ATTRACTIONS: * It has picturesque hills and valley * There are places of worship and piligrimage such as Parasuramkund and 400 years old Tawang Monastery. There are also sites of archeological excavations like Malinithan and Itanagar, the serene beauty of lakes such as Ganga lake or Sela lake or the numerous variations of scenic beauty of the snow clad silver mountain peaks and lush green meadows. ASSAM Assam is the central state in the  North-East Region  of India and serves as the gateway to the rest of the  Seven Sister States. ATTRACTIONS * Assam has famous wildlife preserves – The  Kaziranga National Park, which is home to the  Great Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros. Manas National Park  which is one of the most famous place of Assam * Tezpur, tea-estate. ,bazaars, temples, and wildlife sanctuaries. BIHAR Bihar is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world . The rich culture and heritage of Bihar is evident from the innumerable  ancient  monuments that are dotted all over this  state in  eastern India. ATTRACTIONS: * Patna  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Patna is the capital of Bihar, famous for its rich history and royal architecture. * Gaya  Ã¢â‚¬â€œGaya is known for  Bodh Gaya  the place at which  Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. Muzaffarpur  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Muzzaffarpur is Famous for its education. * Sasaram  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Sasaram is famous for Tomb of Sher Shah Suri, the great Emperor of  medieval India. CHHATTISGARH Chhattisgarh  is a new state but with an ancient civilization and is one of the richest bio-diversity areas in the country. There are many tourist attractions worth seeing. ATTRACTIONS * The state is blessed by nature with magnificent waterfalls, mountains, forests and wildlife Chitrakot Waterfalls, Kutumsar Caves, Ramgarh and Sita Bengra,  Bhoramdeo temple,  Sirpur,  Rajim,  Ratanpur  and  Malhar. DELHI Delhi  is the capital city of India. New Delhi  is famous for its British colonial architecture, wide roads, and tree-lined boulevards. Delhi is home to numerous political landmarks. ATTRACTIONS * It currently has many renowned historic monuments and landmarks such as the  Tughlaqabad fort,Qutub Minar,  Purana Quila,  Lodhi Gardens,  Jama Masjid,  Humayuns tomb,  Red Fort, and  Safdarjungs Tomb. * Modern monuments include  Jantar Mantar,  India Gate,  Rashtrapati Bhavan,  Laxminarayan Temple,  Lotus temple  and  Akshardham Temple * It also has national museums, Islamic shrines, Hindu temples, green parks, and trendy malls. GOA Goa  is one of the most famous  tourist destinations  in India. It is a former colony of  Portugal. ATTRACTIONS * Goa is famous for its excellent beaches, Portuguese churches, Hindu temples, and wildlife sanctuaries. * The  Basilica of Bom Jesus,  Mangueshi Temple,  Dudhsagar Falls and  Shantadurga  are famous attractions in Goa. * Recently a Wax Museum (Wax World) has also opened in Old Goa housing a number of wax personalities of Indian history, culture and heritage. GUJARAT Gujarat is the seventh largest state in  India, located in the western part of India. It is the tenth most popular state in the country for tourists . It is also known asWorlds largest Temple Complex, there are more than 3000 temples located on the Shatrungaya hills, exquisitely carved in marble. ATTRACTIONS * Gujarat offers scenic beauty from  Great Rann of Kutch  to the hills of Saputara. * Gujarat is the sole home of the pure  Asiatic Lions. * Gujarat offers many types of tourism like Business Tourism, archeological heritage Tourism, cultural Tourism, religious Tourism, wildlife Tourism, medical Tourism and much more. HARYANA Capital of Haryana is Chandigarh ,which is a union territory. Haryana Pilgrim Destinations offers the devotes with a wide range of sacred places which are of considerable religious and historical significance. The pilgrim places of Haryana are thronged by devotees all over the year, who visit the important religious places in order to seek divine blessings and eternal happiness. The state of Haryana has a long historical and cultural tradition which is manifested in the numerous religious places which fills the tourist with an intense sense of satisfaction. Some of the notable Pilgrim Destinations of Haryana are: ATTRACTIONS * Kurukshetra- The historical place of Kurukshetra is the cradle of Hindu civilization. The fierce battle field of the holy land of Kurukhshetra is a witness to the discourse between the mighty and valiant ruler Arjuna and his divine charioteer Lord Krishna. * Jyotisar- The ancient place of Jyotisar is the nurturing ground of the values and principles that guide the oldest religion of the world, the Hindu religion. The significance of the place lies in the fact that the holy religious text of the Hindus, the Bhagwad Gita was complied in this sacred place * Thanesar- The sacred place of Thanesar has two important religious temples of the Sthanesvar Mahadev Temple and the Ma Bhadra Kali Temple that draws several devotees throughout the year * Pehowa- The holy land of Pehowa is an important religious place among the Hindus, who pray to the deceased member of their family and offer Pind Daan o release them from the cycle of birth and re-birth * Panchkula- The beautiful place of Panchkula offers the tourist with numerous places of religious and historical importance, including Morni hills and Tikkar Taal. HIMACHAL PRADESH ATTRACTIONS * Himachal Pradesh  is famous for its  Himalayan  landscapes and popular  hill-stations. Many outdoor activities such as  rock climbing,  mountain biking, paragliding,  ice-skating, and  helicopter-skiing  are popular tourist attractions in Himachal Pr adesh. * Shimla, the state capital, is very popular among tourists.. Shimla is also a famous  skiing  attraction in India. Other popular hill stations include  Manali  and  Kasauli. * Dharamshala, home of the  Dalai Lama, is known for its Tibetan monasteries and Buddhist temples. Many  trekkingexpeditions also begin here. JAMMU AND KASHMIR Jammu Kashmir  is known for its scenic landscape . Jammu and Kashmir  is the northernmost state of India. It is also called as Paradise on Earth. ATTRACTIONS * Jammu  is noted for its scenic landscape, ancient temples and mosques, Hindu and Muslim shrines, castles, gardens and forts. * The Hindu holy shrines of Amarnath in  Kashmir Valley  attracts about   Vaishno Devi  also attract thousands of Hindu devotees every year. Notable places are  Dal Lake,  Srinagar, Phalagam, Gulmarg, Yeusmarg and Mughal Gardens etc. * Ladakh  has emerged as a major hub for adventure tourism . It consistsof naked peaks and deep gorges. Leh, the capital, is also a growing tourist spot. KARNATAKA Karnataka has been ranked as fifth most popular destination for t ourism among states of India. It has the second highest number of protected monuments in India, and 507 Kannada  dynastieslike  Kadambas,  WesternGangas,  Chalukyas,  Rashtrakutas,  HoysalaVijayanagaras  and the  Kingdom of Mysore. ATTRACTIONS * Gol Gumbaz,  Bijapur, has the second largest pre-modern dome in the world fter the Byzantine  HagiaSophia. Karnataka  has two   world heritage sites, at  Hampi and  Pattadakal. * Jog falls of  Shimoga District is one of the highest waterfalls in Asia. * Karnataka has 21 wildlife sanctuaries and five National parks and is home to more than 500 species of birds. * Karnataka has many beaches at  Karwar,  Gokarna,  Murdeshwara,  and Surathkal. Karnataka is a rock climber’s paradise. * Fort in Chitradurga, Ramnagaram district near  Bangalore, Shivagangein in  Tumkur  district and tekal in  Kolar  district are a rock climber’s heaven. KERALA Kerala  is a state on the tropical  Malab ar Coast  of southwestern India. Its unique culture and traditions, coupled with its varied demography, has made it one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. it is also called Gods own country†. ATTRACTIONS * Popular attractions in the state include the beaches at  Kovalam,  Kappad, Muzhuppilangad, Cherai and Varkala. * The hill stations of  Munnar,Thekkady, Nelliampathi, Ponmudi and  Wayanad. * The National Parks/ Wildlife sanctuaries at Periyar and Eravikulam . * The â€Å"backwaters region†Ã¢â‚¬â€an extensive network of interlocking rivers, lakes, and canals that centre on  Alleppey, Kumarakom, and Punnamada also see heavy tourist traffic. Cities such as  Kochi,  Thrissur,  Kozhikode  and  Trivandrum  are popular centres for shopping and traditional theatrical performances. MADHYA PRADESH Madhya Pradesh  is called the Heart of India because of its location in the centre of the country. Madhya Pradesh is also known as  Tiger State  because of the tiger populat ion. ATTRACTIONS * Innumerable monuments, exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces are dotted all over the state. * The temples of  Khajuraho  are world-famous for their erotic sculptures. * Gwalior  is famous for its fort, Jai Vilas Palace, the Tomb of Rani Lakshmibai, Md. Ghaus Tansen. * National parks like Kanha, Bandhavgadh, Shivpuri are famous for tigers. MAHARASHTRA Maharashtra is the most visited state in India by foreign tourists. Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra which was earlier called Bombay. Mumbai  is the most popular cosmopolitan city in India, and a great place to experience modern India. Mumbai is famous for  Bollywood, the worlds largest film industry. In addition, Mumbai is famous for its clubs, shopping, and upscale gastronomy. ATTRACTIONS * Ajanta Caves,  Ellora Caves  and ancient  Elephanta Caves  Ã‚  are  in  Maharashtra  . Islamic  Haji Ali  Mosque, to the colonial architecture ofBombay High Courtand  Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminusallare in Maharashtra . * It also has numerous adventure tourism destinations, including  paragliding,  rock climbing,  canoeing,  kayaking,  snorkeling, andscuba diving. * Maharashtra also has several pristine national parks and reserves, some of the best ones are Ta doba with excellent accommodation and safari experiences . * The city of  Pune  the seat of the  Maratha Empire  and the fantastic  Ganesh Chaturthi  celebrations together contribute for the Tourism sector of Maharashtra. MANIPUR Manipur  as the name suggest is a land of jewels. Its rich culture excels in every aspects as in martial arts, dance, theater and sculpture. The charm of the place is the greenery with the moderate climate making it a tourists favourite place. ATTRACTIONS * The beautiful and seasonal Shirui Lily at Ukhrul (district), Sangai (brow antlered deer) and the floating islands at  Loktak Lakeare few of the rare things found in Manipur. * Othermain tourist attractions are:Imphal Churachandpur Keibul Lamjao National Park,War cemeteries and Loktak Lake. MEGHALAYA Meghalaya has some of the thickest surviving forests in the country. Therefore constitutes one of the most important ecotourism circuits in the country today. The Meghalayan subtropical forests support a vast variety of flora and fauna. Shilling is the capital of Meghalaya. ATTRACTIONS * The  Umiam Lake has a water sports complex with facilities such as rowboats, paddleboats, sailing boats, cruise-boats, water-scooters and speedboats. * Cherrapunjee  is one of the most popular tourist . * The popular waterfalls in the state are the Elephant Falls, Shadthum Falls, Weinia falls, Bishop Falls, Nohkalikai Falls,  Langshiang Falls  and Sweet Falls. The hot springs at Jakrem near Mawsynram are believed to have curative and medicinal properties. ORISSA Orissa has been a preferred destination from ancient days for people who have an interest in spirituality, religion, culture, art and natural beauty. Ancient and medieval architecture, pristine sea beaches, the classical and ethnic dance forms and a variety of festivals at  Udayagiri. ATTRACTIONS * K handagiri Caves, Lalitagiri as well as Ratnagiri, on the banks of river Birupa are very famous. Precious fragments of a glorious past come alive in the shape of stupas, rock-cut caves, rock-edicts, excavated monasteries,  viharas, chaityas and sacred relics in caskets and the Rock-edicts of  Ashoka. * Orissa is also famous for its well-preserved Hindu Temples, especially theJagnath Temple at Puri,  Konark